Fluid filter with an attachment structure on an endplate of the filtering element

ABSTRACT

A fluid filter includes a filter element having a filtering media disposed between two endplates. One endplate includes an open flow passage that allows a working fluid to flow into or out of the media during operation. The other endplate includes a connection structure. A cover houses the filter element, and has an opening that is an inlet or outlet in fluid communication with the opening of the one endplate. The cover includes another fill opening proximate the other endplate. A cap is connected to the connection structure of the other endplate to close the opening of the cover. The cover is retained between the cap and other endplate. Generally, the attachment configuration between the cap and the other endplate of the filter element helps ensure that the filter element with the correct micron rating is installed in a filtration system.

FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to fluid filters and their assemblies. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to an improved attachment interface of a filter where its filter element is directly connected to a cap, and retains the fluid filter shell. Such a design can help ensure use of a filter element with the proper micron rating.

BACKGROUND

Fluid filters are widely known and used in various systems and applications, for example such systems that require particle and/or fluid separation from a working fluid. As one examples fuel filtration systems for engines are well known and employ fluid filters that oftentimes have fuel filtration capabilities based on different micron ratings. Generally, a micron rating for a fluid filter is one way of indicating the ability of the filter's media to remove contaminants by the size of particles it is exposed to. As some examples, fluid filters can have micron rated filter elements ranging from 3 to 50 micron.

Installing the proper micron rated filter element into a fluid filter is important for maintaining efficient filtration in a given filtration system and for protecting equipment, such as an engine. With fuel filters, for example, their filter elements often look similar and inadvertent installation of the wrong micron rated filter element can occur. For example, such an accident can easily occur during servicing and maintenance in the aftermarket. It is desired that such accidents be prevented or at least minimized.

Improvements can be made upon existing fluid filter designs. Particularly, structural improvements can be made as to how a fluid filter is assembled and to help control that the correct micron rated filter element is installed.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure generally relates to a fluid filter that includes a unique attachment interface for its assembly. Generally, the unique attachment interface includes a filter element with an endplate that is directly connected to a cap that can be opened and closed for filling. The endplate structure described herein cart also provide a control feature helpful to insure that the correct filter element is being assembled into the fluid filter and can help make installation easier.

In one embodiment, a fluid filter includes a filter element having a media disposed between two endplates. The media allows a working fluid to be filtered through the media. One of the two endplates includes an open flow passage that allows the working fluid to flow into or out of the filter media during operation. The other of the two endplates includes a connection structure. A cover houses the filter element. The cover has an opening in fluid communication with the flow passage of the one endplate and has a fill opening proximate the other of the two endplates. A cap closes the cover at the opening proximate the other of the two endplates. The cap is connected to the connection structure of the other of the two endplates, such that the cover is retained thereby.

The endplate can be configured and arranged to control which filter element can be used in the fluid filter assembly. In some embodiments, the connection structure of the other of the two endplates corresponds to a micron rating of the media of the filter element, and controls which filter element can be used in the fluid filter assembly. As one example, the connection structure is a threaded arrangement.

In other embodiments, the other of the two endplates includes at least one slot on an outer surface thereof. In some examples, the at least one slot is configured to correspond to a micron rating of the media of the filter element.

In yet another embodiment, the other of the two endplates includes a plurality of tabs disposed about a perimeter thereof The tabs extend outward from the perimeter. In some examples, the tabs are configured to correspond to a micron rating of the media.

In another embodiment, a method for assembling, a fluid filter assembly includes placing a filter element within a cover that generally houses the filter element. A cap is inserted through an opening of the cover. The cap is directly connected to an endplate of the filter element. Through the direct connection of the cap and endplate, the cover is retained by the cap and filter element.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a fluid filter.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the fluid filter of FIG. 1 and showing one embodiment of a filter element having its endplate directly connected to a cap.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the endplate shown alone.

FIG. 4 is a top perspective view of the filter element of FIG. 1 alone.

FIG. 5 is a bottom perspective view of the filter element of FIG. 1 alone.

FIG. 6 is a top view of the fluid filter of FIG. 1.

FIG. 7 is a partially exploded view of the fluid filter of FIG. 1.

FIG. 8 is a top sectional view of the fluid filter of FIG. 1.

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of another embodiment of a fluid filter.

FIG. 10 is sectional view of the fluid filter of FIG. 9.

FIG. 11 is a partial sectional view of the fluid filter of FIG. 9 taken from the top.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIGS. 1-11 of the present disclosure generally relate to a fluid filter that includes a unique attachment interface for its assembly, where a filter element is directly connected to a cap that can be opened and closed for filling. The endplate structure described herein can provide a control feature helpful to insure that the correct filter element is being assembled into the fluid filter and can help make installation easier. The descriptions herein can also provide a filter element that protects aftermarket considerations, as the correct filter element is needed for installation/servicing.

FIGS. 1-8 show one example of a fluid filter 10. In one embodiment, the fluid filter 10 is employed as a fuel filter. Fuel filters and their uses are well known. For illustration purposes only, the inventive concepts for a filter design are described with respect to a fuel filter. It will be appreciated, however, that the disclosure is not meant to be limiting to fuel filters, and that the inventive concepts described herein can be used in and suitably adapted for other fluid filter assemblies, such as by-pass and lube filtration technologies. It will be further appreciated that various working fluids in need of filtration, including but not limited to fuel, can benefit from the inventive concepts disclosed herein.

FIGS. 1-8 show an improved attachment interface or configuration that can be used in such fuel filtration systems. The fluid filter 10 is an assembly generally including a cover 12, a filter element 11, and a cap 16.

The filter element 11 resembles a cartridge-like structure having a filtering media 14 disposed between two endplates 20, 22. Generally, the media 14 allows a working fluid to be filtered therethrough. It will be appreciated that material for filtration media and their constructions are well known. It further will be appreciated that the filtering media 14 can have various micron ratings to achieve a desired filtration capability for removing undesired contaminants of various sizes from the working fluid. As some examples only, the filtering media 14 can be constructed of material so as to give the filtering media a micron rating in the range of 3 to 50 microns. Installing the proper micron rated filter element into a fluid filter is important for maintaining efficient filtration in a given filtration system and for protecting operating equipment, such as an engine. As one example shown in FIG. 1, the media 14 is a pleated material that can have a wrap 14 a. It will be appreciated that the pleated construction and the wrap are just one example of a construction for the media 14 and are not meant to be limiting.

In one embodiment, endplate 22 is a bottom endplate and includes an open flow passage 52 (best shown in FIG. 5) that allows a working fluid to flow into or out of the filtering media 14 during operation. The flow passage 52 is for connecting the fluid filter 10 to other equipment of a filtration system. In one embodiments endplate 20 is a top endplate. It will be appreciated that either endplate 20, 22 may be configured to have the flow passage 52, and that the reference to top and bottom is for illustration purposes. The orientation of the filter element 11 with respect to its positioning in the cover 12 is dependent upon which of the endplates 20, 22 has the flow passage 52.

In some examples, the endplate that does not have the flow passage (e.g. endplate 20) is a closed structure. That is, the endplate 20 does not have any openings and closes off one end of the filter media In other examples, the endplate 20 can have a valve 18 disposed at an opening 38 thereof. When such a valve 18 is employed, it can close over time during operation, for example when the filter element 11 needs to be replaced, such as when the fluid filter 10 is filled with ‘dirty’ fluid during its particular filtration application (e.g. fuel filtration). As one example, the valve 18 is a check valve or cracking pressure valve as generally known by one of skill in the art. In FIG. 2, the valve 18 is a one-way seated member or plunger-like structure that can close the opening in the endplate 20.

The cover 12 generally houses the filter element 11. The cover 12 has an opening that is in fluid communication with the flow passage 52 of the endplate 22. As shown in FIG. 1, the cover 12 may be a clear or generally transparent cover that one can see through. The cover 12 is generally open on a side or end that is in fluid communication with the flow passage 52 (see bottom of fluid filter 10). The cover 12 also includes an opening 13 proximate the endplate 20. As shown, the cover 12 has wall surfaces that surround the opening 13. These wall surfaces are retained between the connection of the cap 16 to the endplate 20 when the fluid filter 10 is assembled (further described below).

The cap 16 closes the opening 13 of the cover 12. A seal 42 can be disposed about the opening 13 or on the cap 16. In one embodiment, the seal 42 is an o-ring. In the closed position, the cap 16 is directly connected to the endplate 20.

The endplate 20 includes a connection structure 30. The cap 16 is connected to the connection structure 30 of the endplate 20, such that the cover 12 is retained between the cap 16 and the endplate 20 (see e.g. FIG. 2).

In one embodiment, the connection structure 30 of the endplate includes a threaded arrangement. As shown, the connection structure 30 is a threaded portion that can be threadedly engaged with a threaded portion 40 on the cap 16. As one example, the connection structure 30 is constructed as a raised boss structure extending from a main surface of the endplate 20 and having a female threaded portion, and the cap 16 is constructed as a male threaded portion.

It will be appreciated that other threaded arrangements may be employed, for example, the endplate 20 may have the male thread and the cap may have the female thread. It further will be appreciated that the connection structure 30 of the endplate 20 is not meant to be limiting to a threaded arrangement. Other examples that can be used include but are not limited to a snap fit, an interference fit, or a quarter turn lock, or other connection structures as known in the art. Generally, a direct connection is desired between the cap 16 and the endplate 20, so that the cover 12 is retained by such connection, but where the specific nature of the connection is not meant to be limiting

With the direct connection between the cap 16 and the endplate 20, the cover 12 can be easier and more cost effective to produce. In previous fuel filters, the cap was connected directly to the shell or cover (e.g. by threaded engagement) and typically employed a coil spring to help maintain the filter element (e.g. cartridge) in position. The fluid filters described herein, however, eliminate the thread on the cover or housing and can eliminate the need for a spring. Such a spring-less configuration can provide for a more generically produced cover with added freedom as to the materials that may be employed to produce it. As the spring can be eliminated, problems associated with spring failure or spring pressure overcoming the assembly connection can also be avoided. Other benefits can include an overall height reduction of the fluid filter, since a spring is no longer needed which previously increased filter height. Further, as the direct connection of the endplate with the cap retains the cover, easier servicing can be achieved because the cap, filter element, and cover can be removed together without first removing the cover from the filter element.

It will be appreciated, however, that the fluid filter designs described herein (including fluid filter 10) can be used in retrofit applications of existing fluid filters. As one example of a retrofit application, the endplate and cap design described herein can be used with other fuel filters such as those produced by DAVCO Technology, LLC. For example, the threaded portion of the endplate 20 can be constructed to mate with threaded configurations of existing caps. Additionally, the endplate 20 can have its connection structure 30 be constructed so that the raised boss structure has a recessed surface 36 that can act as a spring pocket when a spring is used. The raised boss of the connection structure 30 and the recessed surface 36 can allow for a spring to be disposed between the cap 16 and the endplate 20, while having enough clearance so that the spring does not interfere with the attachment of the cap 16 and the endplate 20. For example, the diameter considerations of the recessed surface 36 and boss structure can be modified accordingly so as to provide retrofit capability.

As described above, the endplate 20 in some embodiments is configured and arranged to control which filter element can be used in the fluid filter assembly. In one example, the connection structure 30 is configured to indicate a micron rating of the filter element. When a threaded engagement is employed, for example, the threaded portion on the endplate 20 can have a certain thread configuration that corresponds to a certain micron rating. For instance, more or less threads and the spacing of the threads can be modified to correspond to various micron ratings (e.g. ranging from 3 to 50 microns). That is, the micron rating of the media of the filter element can be dependant upon and correspond to the thread structure used for the endplate. For example, low micron rated filter elements may have less threads and higher micron rated elements can have more threads. In such a configuration, the connection structure 30 (e.g. threaded portion) can help ensure that the filter element 11 with the correct micron rating is installed. That is, if the correct micron rated filter element is not selected, then it will not mate to the cap 16.

The endplate 20 can include other structures, such as the slots and tabs described below, which can help with indicating the micron rating of the filter element 11, and also help with alignment and maintaining the position of the filter element 11. While FIGS. 1-8 show these features together in the filter element 11, they are not necessarily required in combination as the filter element 11 can include any one of these structures alone or in combination with the threaded engagement feature described above.

As further shown in FIGS. 1-8, the endplate 20 in some embodiments can include at least one slot 34 on its outer surface. In one example, an outer side wall of the connection structure 30 (e.g. raised boss) can form part of the slot 34. Additional sidewalls 32 form the remaining space of the slot 34, where the sidewalls 32 extend outward from the outer surface of the connection structure 30 and along the main surface of the endplate 20. The slot 34 is receivable of a protrusion 15 that extends from an inner surface of the cover 12 (best shown in FIGS. 6-8). The protrusion 15 can resemble a wedge-like structure that plugs or can otherwise be inserted into the space created by the slot 34.

With further reference to the sidewalls 32, the sidewalls also extend generally upward from the main surface of the endplate 20. As shown, the sidewalls 32 are generally perpendicular to the main surface of the endplate 20. It will be appreciated, however, that the sidewalls 32 can extend from the main surface of the endplate 20 at different angles. As one example, the sidewalls 32 can provide a self-ramping feature such that they are come closer together or taper toward each other at the main surface of the endplate. Likewise, the protrusion 15 can taper so as to match the same shape taken by the slot 34. Such a configuration can allow for easier locating and installment of the cover 12 over the filter element 11.

As shown, a plurality of slots 34 and protrusions 15 may be used. It will be appreciated that the number of slots 34 and protrusions 15 is not meant to be limiting as more or less slots 34 and protrusions 15 may be employed than what is shown in the Figs.

When the slot 34 and protrusion 15 are engaged, their relationship can be configured such that the filter element 11 and the cover 12 are retained to each other. As some non-limiting examples, the slot 34 and protrusion 15 can have an interference fit or a snap fit configuration when they are engaged. It will be appreciated that the protrusion 15 can be released from engagement with the slot 34, such as when a sufficient amount of force is used to remove the cover 12 from the endplate 20 if such disassembly is desired.

In some embodiments, the slot(s) 34 are configured and arranged to control which filter element can be used in the fluid filter assembly. In one example, the slot(s) 34 can correspond to a micron rating of the filter element 11. By way of example, the endplate 20 can have slots 34 of a certain size and/or shape, and/or a certain number of slots 34 and spacing, which can be used to show correspondence to a certain micron rating. That is, the micron rating of the media 14 of the filter element 11 is dependant upon and corresponds to the slot 34 structure. For example, low micron rated filter elements may have less or smaller slots and higher micron rated elements can have more or larger slots. In such a configuration, the slots 34 can help ensure that the filter element 11 with the correct micron rating is installed. That is, if the correct micron rated filter element is not selected, then it will not engage with the cover 12.

In another embodiment, a plurality of tabs 35 can be disposed about a perimeter of the endplate 20. As shown, the tabs 35 extend outward from the perimeter of the endplate 20. The tabs 35 can resemble bump-like structures protruding from the endplate 20. As shown in FIG. 2, for example, the tabs 35 can contact the inner sidewall of the cover 12. The arrangement of the tabs 35 can help align the filter element 11 within the cover 12. In some embodiments, the tabs 35 can engage the inner sidewall of the cover 12 in an interference fit, but also be releasable if enough force is applied to remove the contact. Other configurations can include, but are not limited to the cover 12 having grooves (not shown) along the inner sidewall, such that the tabs 35 slide within the grooves when the filter element 11 is placed inside the cover 12. If grooves are employed, the tabs 35 can be releasably engaged with the grooves to remove the filter element 11 from the cover 12 if such disassembly is desired. It will be appreciated that such grooves easily can be formed or machined into the inner sidewall of the cover 12 as channels that are slightly larger than the dimension of the tabs 35, such that the tabs 35 can slide along when the filter element 11 is inserted into the cover 12. Some examples of the engagement structure between the tab 35 and grooves may be, but is not limited to, a relatively loose engagement or an interference fit.

In some embodiments, the tabs 35 are configured and arranged to control which filter element can be used in the fluid filter assembly. In one example, the tabs 35 can correspond to a micron rating of the filter element 11. By way of example, the endplate 20 can have tabs 35 of a certain size and/or shape, and/or a certain number of tabs 35 and spacing, which can be used to show correspondence to a certain micron rating. That is, the micron rating of the media 14 is dependent upon and corresponds to the tab 35 structure. For example, low micron rated filter elements may have less or smaller tabs and higher micron rated elements can have more or larger tabs. In such a configuration, the tabs 35 can help ensure that the filter element 11 with the correct micron rating is installed. That is, if the correct micron rated filter element is not selected, then it cannot be used with the cover 12.

With reference to endplate 22, the endplate 22 includes the flow passage 52. The endplate 22 can be connected to a filtration system (e.g. fuel filtration). The flow passage 52 allows for exit of ‘clean’ filtered fluid from the fluid filter 10 or allows for entry of fluid to be filtered depending on the direction of fluid flow. The filter element 11 is disposed within the cover 12, such that that endplate 22 is proximate the generally open side or end of the cover. Such a configuration is sometimes desired since this area of the cover is the inlet/outlet side where filtered fluid and fluid to be filtered respectively exit and enter the fluid filter 10. In some embodiments, a gasket seal 50 is disposed within the flow passage 52. The gasket seal 50 can resemble a grommet-like structure that plugs into the flow passage 52. The gasket seal 50 helps to seal the fluid filter 10 when it is connected to remaining equipment of a filtration system and helps separate filtered fluid from fluid to be filtered.

As further shown in FIG. 2, for example, the filter element 11 can include a center tube 60 having a flow passage 62 therethrough in fluid communication with the open flow passage 52 (see e.g. FIG. 10) of endplate 22. As shown, the center tube 60 is connected to both endplates 20, 22, where the media 14 is disposed around the center tube 60 in a cylindrical arrangement, and where the center tube 62 includes apertures 64 that allow the working fluid to flow into and out of the flow passage 62 of the center tube 60. Center tubes in such fluid filters are well-known and need not be further described. It also will be appreciated that a center tube may not be employed at all and the center area inside the filter element 11 can be the flow passage in fluid communication with flow passage 52.

As above, the inventive concepts for an improved filter design are described with respect to a fuel filter for illustration purposes only. It wilt be appreciated, however, that the disclosure is not meant to be limiting to fuel filters, and that the inventive concepts described herein can be used in and suitably adapted for other fluid filter assemblies, such as by-pass and lube filtration technologies. It will be further appreciated that various working fluids in need of filtration, including but not limited to fuel, can benefit from the inventive concepts disclosed herein.

FIGS. 9-11 show another example of a fluid filter 100 with an improved attachment interface. As with fluid filter 10, the fluid filter 100 is an assembly including a cover 102, a filter element 111 (best shown in FIG. 10), and a cap 106. A difference between fluid filter 10 and fluid filter 100 is that fluid filter 100 does not show outer tabs on the endplate (e.g. tabs 35 in FIGS. 1-8).

As with filter element 11, the filter element 111 resembles a cartridge-like structure having a filtering media 104 disposed between two endplates 120, 122. Generally, the media 104 allows a working fluid to be filtered therethrough. It will be appreciated that material for filtration media and their constructions are well known. It further will be appreciated that the filtering media 104 can have various micron ratings to achieve a desired filtration capability for removing undesired contaminants of various sizes from the working fluid. As some examples only, the filtering media 104 can be constructed of material so as to give the filtering media a micron rating in the range of 3 to 50 microns. Installing the proper micron rated filter element into a fluid filter is important for maintaining efficient filtration in a given filtration system and for protecting operating equipment, such as an engine.

In one embodiment, endplate 122 is a bottom endplate and includes an open flow passage 152 (best shown in FIG. 10) that allows a working fluid to flow into or out of the filtering media 104 during operation. The flow passage 152 is for connecting the fluid filter 100 to other equipment of a filtration system. In one embodiment, endplate 120 is a top endplate. It will be appreciated that either endplate 120, 122 may be configured to have the flow passage 152, and that the reference to top and bottom is for illustration purposes. The orientation of the filter element 111 with respect to its positioning in the cover 102 is dependent upon which of the endplates 120, 122 has the flow-passage 152.

In some examples, the endplate that does not have the flow passage (e.g. endplate 120) is a closed structure. That is, the endplate 120 does not have any openings and closes off one end of the filter media 104. In other examples, the endplate 120 can have a valve 108 disposed at an opening thereof. When such a valve 108 is employed, it can close over time during operation, for example when the filter element 111 needs to be replaced, such as when the fluid filter 100 is filled with ‘dirty’ fluid during its particular filtration application (e.g. fuel filtration). As one example, the valve 108 is a check valve or cracking pressure valve as generally known by one of skill in the art. In FIG. 2, the valve 108 is a one-way seated member or plunger-like structure that can close the opening in the endplate 120.

The cover 102 generally houses the filter element 111. The cover 102 has an opening that is in fluid communication with the flow passage 152 of the endplate 122. As shown in FIG. 1, the cover 102 also may be a clear or generally transparent cover that one can see through. The cover 102 is generally open on a side or end that is in fluid communication with the flow passage 152 (see bottom of fluid filter 100). The cover 102 also includes an opening 113 proximate the endplate 120. As shown, the cover 102 has wall surfaces that surround the opening 113. These wall surfaces are retained between the connection of the cap 106 to the endplate 120 when the fluid filter 100 is assembled (further described below).

The cap 106 closes the opening 113 of the cover 102. A seal 142 can be disposed about the opening 113 or on the cap 106. In one embodiment, the seal 142 is an o-ring. In the closed position, the cap 106 is directly connected to the endplate 120.

The endplate 120 includes a connection structure 130. The cap 106 is connected to the connection structure 130 of the endplate 120, such that the cover 102 is retained between the cap 106 and the endplate 120 (see e.g. FIG. 2).

In one embodiment, the connection structure 130 of the endplate includes a threaded arrangement. As shown, the connection structure 130 is a threaded portion that can be threadedly engaged with a threaded portion 140 on the cap 106. As one example, the connection structure 130 is constructed as a raised boss structure extending from a main surface of the endplate 120 and having a female threaded portion, and the cap 106 is constructed as a male threaded portion.

It will be appreciated that other threaded arrangements may be employed, for example, the endplate 120 may have the male thread and the cap may have the female thread. It further will be appreciated that the connection structure 130 of the endplate 120 is not meant to be limiting to a threaded arrangement. Other examples that can be used include but are not limited to a snap fit, an interference fit, or a quarter turn lock, or other connection structures as known in the art. Generally, a direct connection is desired between the can 106 and the endplate 120, so that the cover 102 is retained by such connection, but where the specific nature of the connection is not meant to be limiting.

With the direct connection between the cap 106 and the endplate 120, the cover 102 can be easier and more cost effective to produce. In previous fuel filters, the cap was connected directly to the shell or cover (e.g. by threaded engagement) and typically employed a coil spring to help maintain the filter element (e.g. cartridge) in position. The fluid filters described herein, however, eliminate the thread on the cover or housing and can eliminate the need for a spring. Such a spring-less configuration can provide for a more generically produced cover with added freedom as to the materials that may be employed to produce it. As the spring can be eliminated, problems associated with spring failure or spring pressure overcoming the assembly connection can also be avoided. Other benefits can include an overall height reduction of the fluid filter, since a spring is no longer needed which previously increased filter height. Further, as the direct connection of the endplate with the cap retains the cover, easier servicing can be achieved because the cap, filter element, and cover can be removed together without first removing the cover from the filter element.

As with fluid filter 10 above, it will be appreciated that the fluid filter 100 can be used in retrofit applications of existing fluid filters. As one example of a retrofit application, the endplate and cap design described herein can be used with other fuel filters such as those produced by DAVCO Technology, LLC. For example, the threaded portion of the endplate 120 can be constructed to mate with threaded configurations of existing caps. Additionally, the endplate 120 can have its connection structure 130 be constructed so that the raised boss structure has a recessed surface 136 that can act as a spring pocket when a spring is used. The raised boss of the connection structure 130 and the recessed surface 136 can allow for a spring to be disposed between the cap 106 and the endplate 120, while having enough clearance so that the spring does not interfere with the attachment of the cap 106 and the endplate 120. For example, the diameter considerations of the recessed surface 136 and boss structure can be modified accordingly so as to provide retrofit capability.

As described above, the endplate 120 in some embodiments is configured and arranged to control which filter element can be used in the fluid filter assembly. In one example, the connection structure 130 is configured to indicate a micron rating of the filter element. When a threaded engagement is employed, for example, the threaded portion on the endplate 120 can have a certain thread that corresponds to a certain micron rating. For instance, more or less threads and the spacing of the threads can be modified to correspond to various micron ratings (e.g. ranging from 3 to 50 microns). That is, the micron rating of the media of the filter element can be dependant upon and correspond to the thread structure used for the endplate. In such a configuration, the connection structure 130 (e.g. threaded portion) can help ensure that the filter element 111 with the correct micron rating is installed. That is, if the correct micron rated filter element is not selected, then it will not mate to the cap 106.

The endplate 120 can include other structures, such as the slots described below, which can help with indicating the micron rating of the filter element 111 and also help with alignment and maintaining the position of the endplate 120. While FIGS. 9-11 show these features together in the filter element 111, they are not necessarily required in combination as the filter element 11 can include any one of these structures alone or in combination with the threaded engagement feature described above.

As shown in FIGS. 9-11, the endplate 120 in some embodiments can include at least one slot 134 on its outer surface. In one example, an outer side wall of the connection structure 130 (e.g. raised boss) can form part of the slot 134. Additional sidewalls 132 form the remaining space of the slot 134, where the sidewalls 132 extend outward from the outer surface of the connection structure 130 and along the main surface of the endplate 120. The slot 134 is receivable of a protrusion 115 that extends from an inner surface of the cover 102 (best shown in FIG. 9). The protrusion 115 can resemble wedge-like structure that can plug or otherwise be inserted into the space created by the slot 134.

With further reference to the sidewalls 132, the sidewalls also extend generally upward from the main surface of the endplate 120. The sidewalls 132 are generally perpendicular to the main surface of the endplate 120, and taper toward the perimeter of the endplate 120. As with the sidewalls 32 of endplate 20, sidewalls 132 can extend from the main surface of the endplate at different angles. For example, the sidewalls 132 can be ramped such that they are come closer together or taper toward each other at the main surface of the endplate. Likewise, the protrusion 115 can taper so as to match the same shape taken by the slot 134. Such a configuration can allow for easier locating and installment of the cover 102 over the filter element 111.

As with filter element 111, a plurality of slots 134 and protrusions 115 may be used (only one protrusion 115 shown for purposes of illustration). It will be appreciated that the number of slots 134 and plugs 115 is not meant to be limiting.

When the slot 134 and protrusion 115 are engaged, their relationship can be configured such that the filter element 111 and the cover 102 are retained to each other. As some non-limiting examples, the slot 134 and protrusion 115 can have an interference fit or a snap fit configuration when they are engaged. It will be appreciated that the protrusion 115 can be released from engagement with the slot 134, such as when a sufficient amount of force is used to remove the cover 102 from the endplate 120 if such disassembly is desired.

In some embodiments, the slot(s) 134 are configured and arranged to control which filter element can be used in the fluid filter assembly. In one example, the slot(s) 134 can correspond to a micron rating of the filter element 111. By way of example, the endplate 120 can have slots 134 of a certain size and/or shape, and/or a certain number of slots 134 and spacing, which can be used to show correspondence to a certain micron rating. That is, the micron rating of the media 104 of the filter element 111 is dependant upon and corresponds to the slot 134 structure (e.g. as in fluid filter 10). In such a configuration, the slots 134 can help ensure that the filter element 111 with the correct micron rating is installed. If the correct micron rated filter element is not selected, then it will not engage with the cover 120.

Differently from fluid filter 10, fluid filter 100 does not show tabs (e.g. tabs 35) at the perimeter of the endplate 120. It will be appreciated, however, that a plurality of tabs can be disposed about a perimeter of the endplate 120 as similarly described with respect to the fluid filter 100. Also, such a tab structure if employed can be configured and arranged so as to control which filter element can be used in the fluid filter assembly. That is, tabs can be employed to correspond to a micron rating of the filter element 111.

With reference to endplate 122, the endplate 122 includes the flow passage 152. The endplate 122 can be connected to a filtration system (e.g. fuel filtration). The flow passage 152 allows for exit of ‘clean’ filtered fluid from the fluid filter 100 or allows for entry of fluid to be filtered depending on the direction of fluid flow The filter element 111 is disposed within the cover 102, such that that endplate 122 is proximate the generally open side or end of the cover. Such a configuration is sometimes desired since this area of the cover is the inlet/outlet side where filtered fluid and fluid to be filtered respectively exit and enter the fluid filter 100. In some embodiments, a gasket seal 150 is disposed within the flow passage 152. The gasket seal 150 can resemble a grommet-like structure that plugs into the flow passage 152. The gasket seal 150 helps to seal the fluid filter 100 when it is connected to remaining equipment of a filtration system and helps separate filtered fluid from fluid to be filtered.

As further shown in FIG. 10, for example, the filter element 111 can include a center tube 160 having a flow passage 162 therethrough in fluid communication with the open flow passage 152 of endplate 122. As shown, the center tube 160 is connected to both endplates 120, 122, where the media 104 is disposed around the center tube 160 in a cylindrical arrangement, and where the center tube 160 includes apertures 164 that allow the working fluid to flow into and out of the flow passage of the center tube 160. Center tubes in such fluid filters are well-known and need not be further described. It also will be appreciated that a center tube may not be employed at all and the center area inside the filter element 111 can be the flow passage in fluid communication with flow passage 152.

As one example of the flow direction within the fluid filter 100 during operation, a working fluid first enters the fluid filter 100 through the generally open side of the cover 102 and around the endplate 122. The working fluid then flows through the filtering media 104, through the apertures 164, and into the flow passage 162 of the center tube 160. The working fluid exits the flow passage 152 of the endplate 122 after flowing through the flow passage 162 of the center tube 160. (See arrows of FIG. 10.) Fluid filter 10 can also have a similar flow direction (see e.g. FIG. 2). It will be appreciated that the flow direction may be reversed for either of the fluid filters 10, 100 where a working fluid to be filtered first enters the open flow passage 52, 152, flows through the flow passage 62, 162 and apertures 64, 164 of the center tube 60, 160, and then exits the cover.

As described, the improved attachment interface and its various configurations can help provide a keying function for a fluid filter to ensure that the filter element with the correct micron rating is being used. In the example of fuel filtration systems, installation and servicing of a filter element having the correct micron rating is important for maintaining efficient filtration in a given filtration system and for protecting equipment, such as an engine. The attachment interfaces and its features provide inventive concepts that can also help secure aftermarket, where the assembly structure is uniquely configured to prevent others from copying. Retrofitting capability of the endplate and cap structures described herein also is available with existing fluid filters.

While the above is a complete description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, various alternatives, modifications, and equivalents may be used. Therefore, the above description should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention which is defined by the appended claims. 

1. A fluid filter comprising: a filter element having a media disposed between two endplates, the media allows a working fluid to be filtered through the media, one of the two endplates includes an open flow passage that allows the working fluid to flow into or out of the filter media during operation, the other of the two endplates includes a connection structure; a cover that houses the filter element, the cover having an opening in fluid communication with the flow passage of the one endplate and having a fill opening proximate the other of the two endplates; and a cap that closes the cover at the opening proximate the other of the two endplates, the cap is connected to the connection structure of the other of the two endplates, such that the cover is retained between the cap and the other of the two endplates.
 2. The fluid filter of claim 1, wherein the connection structure is configured to correspond to a micron rating of the filter element.
 3. The fluid filter of claim I, wherein the connection structure of the other of the two endplates is a threaded arrangement, where the cap threadedly engages the other of the two endplates.
 4. The fluid filter of claim 1, further comprising at least one slot on an outer surface of the other of the two endplates and further comprising at least one protrusion extending from an inner surface of the cover, the at least one protrusion is insertable into a space defined by the at least one slot.
 5. The fluid filter of claim 4, wherein the at least one slot and the at least one protrusion are connected so that the filter element and the cover are retained to each other.
 6. The fluid filter of claim 4, wherein the at least one slot and the at least one protrusion are releasably engaged.
 7. The fluid filter of claim 4, wherein the at least one slot is configured to correspond to a micron rating of the filter element.
 8. The fluid filter of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of tabs disposed about a perimeter of the other of the two endplates, the tabs extending outward from the perimeter.
 9. The fluid filter of claim 8, wherein the tabs are configured to correspond to a micron rating of the filter element.
 10. The fluid filter of claim 1, wherein the filter element further comprises a flow passage therethrough in fluid communication with the open flow passage of the one endplate, the media is disposed around the flow passage in a cylindrical arrangement.
 11. A filter element for a fluid filter device comprising: a top endplate and a bottom endplate; a media disposed between the top and bottom endplates, the media allows a working fluid to be filtered through the media, the top endplate is a structure with no fluid flow passage, the top endplate includes a connection structure adapted for direct and removeable connection to a cap that can be opened and closed for filling or servicing the fluid filter, the bottom endplate includes an open flow passage that allows the working fluid to flow into or out of the filter media during use of the filter.
 12. The filter element of claim 11, wherein the connection structure is a threaded arrangement.
 13. The filter element of claim II, further comprising at least one slot on an outer surface of the top endplate.
 14. The filter element of claim 13, wherein the at least one slot is configured to correspond to a micron rating of the media.
 15. The filter element of claim 11, further comprising a plurality of tabs disposed about a perimeter of the top endplate, the tabs extending outward from the perimeter.
 16. The filter element of claim 15, wherein the tabs are configured to correspond to a micron rating of the media.
 17. The filter element of claim 11, wherein the filter element further comprises a flow passage therethrough in fluid communication with the open flow passage of the bottom endplate, the media is disposed around the flow passage in a cylindrical arrangement.
 18. A method for assembling a fluid filter assembly comprising: placing a filter element within a cover that houses the filter element; inserting a cap through an opening of the cover; connecting the cap to an endplate of the filter element; retaining the cover between the cap and filter element through connection of the cap and endplate.
 19. The filter element of claim II, wherein the top endplate is a closed structure.
 20. The filter element of claim II, wherein the top endplate includes a pressure valve. 